Ankyrin repeat domain 1 is dysregulated in keloids and suppresses keloid fibroblast growth, migration, and extracellular matrix deposition.

{"sci_version": "1.2", "schema": "https://corpus.bntrg.co.uk/sci/1.0/sci.schema.json", "id": "pmid:40134570", "kind": "science-record", "revision": 4, "content_hash": "sha256:6327def6b86ab91b544d10caa344fc1d66df47a01133fa15f2ae23f86ac51e2a", "created_at": "2026-11-01T20:30:20Z", "updated_at": "2026-11-01T22:56:17Z", "generator": {"name": "corpus-assay-engine", "run_id": "reading-sci-2026-11-01"}, "paper": {"state": "complete", "title": "Ankyrin repeat domain 1 is dysregulated in keloids and suppresses keloid fibroblast growth, migration, and extracellular matrix deposition.", "doi": "10.25259/Cytojournal_111_2024", "pmid": "40134570", "authors": ["Weiqi Wu", "Yuan Si", "Juan Yang", "Liuyan Wen", "Jingrong Li"], "journal": "CytoJournal", "year": 2025, "abstract": "Objective: The etiology and specific pathological mechanisms of keloids remain elusive. Array expression profiling has revealed dysregulation of the transcription cofactor ankyrin repeat domain 1 (ANKRD1) in keloid fibroblasts. The present study focused on examining the expression pattern of ANKRD1 in keloids and assessing its function in human keloid fibroblasts (HKFs).\nMaterial and Methods: Differential mRNA expression profiles in keloid fibroblasts were investigated by analyzing data from gene expression omnibus (GEO) datasets. Immunohistochemistry assays were performed to verify the expression patterns of ANKRD1 and claudin 11 (CLDN11) in keloid tissue samples. Functional studies were conducted by transfecting HKFs with either a small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting ANKRD1 (siANKRD1) or ANKRD1-overexpressing plasmids. The functional impact of ANKRD1 was assessed using cell proliferation, flow cytometry, and Transwell migration assays. mRNA expression was evaluated using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, and protein expression was determined using Western blotting.\nResults: Analysis of the GEO series (GSE) GSE44270 revealed eight differentially expressed mRNAs, with ANKRD1 and CLDN11 being the top two downregulated mRNAs. ANKRD1 expression was observed to be lower in keloid tissues than in normal skin tissues, whereas CLDN11 expression showed no significant difference between the two groups. ANKRD1 overexpression suppressed HKF proliferation, migration, and the expression levels of collagen I, fibronectin, matrix metallopeptidase 9, whereas the opposite effects were observed on ANKRD1 knockdown. ANKRD1 did not affect apoptotic cell levels.\nConclusion: ANKRD1 is downregulated in keloids and inhibits the growth, migration, and extracellular matrix deposition of keloid fibroblasts. Thus, ANKRD1 may function as a suppressor in keloid formation.", "claims": [{"id": "claim-method", "statement": "An unpaired t-test was used to analyze the statistical difference between the two groups, while a one-way analysis of variance was used to assess the statistical differences among more than two groups.", "kind": "methodological", "target": null, "evidence": [{"asset": "source:pmid:40134570", "locator": "sections[15] \"Statistical analysis\" paragraph 2", "quote": "An unpaired t-test was used to analyze the statistical difference between the two groups, while a one-way analysis of variance was used to assess the statistical differences among more than two groups."}], "state": "complete"}, {"id": "claim-data-access", "statement": "The datasets generated during and/or analyzed during the present study will be available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.", "kind": "methodological", "target": null, "evidence": [{"asset": "source:pmid:40134570", "locator": "sections[27] \"AVAILABILITY OF DATA AND MATERIALS\" paragraph 2", "quote": "The datasets generated during and/or analyzed during the present study will be available from the corresponding author on reasonable request."}], "state": "complete"}], "gaps": []}, "experiment": {"state": "complete", "objective": "", "steps": [{"id": "read_published_estimate", "order": 1, "name": "Read the published estimate from the source", "kind": "other", "state": "complete", "blocked_on": null, "description": "The claim, method and evidence span published with the source article.", "duration_hours": null, "parameters": {}, "inputs": ["source:pmid:40134570"], "outputs": ["the published estimate and its evidence"], "instruments": [], "reagents": []}, {"id": "obtain_source_data", "order": 2, "name": "Obtain the source data from the named repository", "kind": "data-preparation", "state": "complete", "blocked_on": null, "description": "The GEO series accession resolves and its sample accessions are listed. 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