Potential Targets Related to Skin Aging: Based on eQTL and GWAS Datasets.

{"sci_version": "1.2", "schema": "https://corpus.bntrg.co.uk/sci/1.0/sci.schema.json", "id": "pmid:40144806", "kind": "science-record", "revision": 2, "content_hash": "sha256:40bf7ab40a4e73b510702cd49f398721b811a6da0e61b3ab13c1efc4817db96d", "created_at": "2026-11-01T20:30:20Z", "updated_at": "2026-11-01T21:34:58Z", "generator": {"name": "corpus-assay-engine", "run_id": "reading-sci-2026-11-01"}, "paper": {"state": "complete", "title": "Potential Targets Related to Skin Aging: Based on eQTL and GWAS Datasets.", "doi": "10.2147/CCID.S508946", "pmid": "40144806", "authors": ["Hanping Shi", "Xianwei Cao"], "journal": "Clinical, cosmetic and investigational dermatology", "year": 2025, "abstract": "Background: The aging of skin has important impact on various systems, and certain skin aging (SG) markers can not only help with early diagnosis, but also provide new ideas for pathophysiological research and treatment strategies.\nObjective: To identify target genes related to SG through bioinformatics technology and provide ideas for skin anti-aging.\nMethods: Differential expression genes (DEGs) related to SG were screened through transcriptome information from GEO datasets (GSE85358 and GSE670988). Based on eQTL and GWAS datasets, Mendelian Randomization (MR) analysis was applied to identify associations between gene expression and SG. Then, aging skin related important genes (AS-IGs) were obtained based on above two steps, and functional and pathway analyses were performed to explore the potential mechanisms AS-IGs in SG. Finally, the CIBERSORT evaluation was used to assess the infiltration of immune cells related to SG.\nResults: Seven AS-IGs were selected through intersection from 612 DEGs and 399 eQTL genes. Then, enrichment analysis results showed there were 60 GO terms may involved in the process of SG, like fatty-acyl-CoA metabolic process, while KEGG enrichment pathways identified mainly involved in mechanisms related to fatty acid metabolism, energy generation, and inflammation regulation. The CIBERSORT evaluation showed that NK cells resting were the main infiltrating cells.\nConclusion: AS-IGs may play important roles in the process of SG in the body. These molecules involve multiple systems and mechanisms in the body, such as immune function, metabolic function, and neuroendocrine function.", "claims": [{"id": "claim-method", "statement": "The inverse variance weighted (IVW) method is a fundamental MR analysis method.", "kind": "methodological", "target": null, "evidence": [{"asset": "source:pmid:40144806", "locator": "sections[9] \"Statistical Analysis\" paragraph 3", "quote": "The inverse variance weighted (IVW) method is a fundamental MR analysis method."}], "state": "complete"}, {"id": "claim-data-access", "statement": "The datasets generated for this study can be found at https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/, and https://gwas.mrcieu.ac.uk/.\nThe patients involved in the database have obtained ethical approval. Users can download relevant data for free to conduct research and publish related articles. Our research is based on open-source data, so there are no ethical issues or other conflicts of interest.", "kind": "methodological", "target": null, "evidence": [{"asset": "source:pmid:40144806", "locator": "sections[19] \"Data Sharing Statement\" paragraphs 1-3", "quote": "The datasets generated for this study can be found at https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/, and https://gwas.mrcieu.ac.uk/.\nThe patients involved in the database have obtained ethical approval. Users can download relevant data for free to conduct research and publish related articles. Our research is based on open-source data, so there are no ethical issues or other conflicts of interest."}], "state": "complete"}, {"id": "claim-target-result", "statement": "Seven AS-IGs were selected through intersection from 612 DEGs and 399 eQTL genes.", "kind": "qualitative", "target": null, "evidence": [{"asset": "source:pmid:40144806", "locator": "sections[0] \"Abstract\" paragraph 4", "quote": "Seven AS-IGs were selected through intersection from 612 DEGs and 399 eQTL genes."}], "state": "complete"}], "gaps": []}, "experiment": {"state": "complete", "objective": "Seven AS-IGs were selected through intersection from 612 DEGs and 399 eQTL genes.", "steps": [{"id": "read_published_estimate", "order": 1, "name": "Read the published estimate from the source", "kind": "other", "state": "complete", "blocked_on": null, "description": "The claim, method and evidence span published with the source article.", "duration_hours": null, "parameters": {}, "inputs": ["source:pmid:40144806"], "outputs": ["the published estimate and its evidence"], "instruments": [], "reagents": []}, {"id": "obtain_source_data", "order": 2, "name": "Obtain the source data from the named repository", "kind": "data-preparation", "state": "complete", "blocked_on": null, "description": "The GEO series accession resolves and its sample accessions are listed. This lane did not download the dataset or read its licence.", "duration_hours": null, "parameters": {}, "inputs": ["data:geo:GSE67098"], "outputs": ["the source data with its repository provenance"], "instruments": [], "reagents": []}, {"id": "run_analysis", "order": 3, "name": "Run the published analysis", "kind": "analysis", "state": "complete", "blocked_on": null, "description": "Apply the paper's statistical method to the resolved series and compare the result with the published target.", "duration_hours": null, "parameters": {}, "inputs": ["data:geo:GSE67098"], "outputs": ["the replicated result and its comparison"], "instruments": [], "reagents": []}], "materials": [], "instruments": [], "reagents": [], "conditions": {}, "gaps": []}, "data": {"state": "partial", "assets": [{"id": "source:pmid:40144806", "role": "manuscript", "format": "xml", "media_type": "application/xml", "uri": "https://doi.org/10.2147/CCID.S508946", "sha256": "sha256:21b9ebe15da685cb92482aa28fe1446d5bf2375c2a328c424bb2f83f96ffca74", "bytes": 32568, "access": "open", "state": "resolved", "reader": null, "reader_status": "reader_required", "identifier": "10.2147/CCID.S508946", "version": null, "note": "Full article fetched from PMC; the checksum covers the rendered section body, not the original XML bytes.", "structure": {"pmcid": "PMC11937646", "source": "europe_pmc_fulltext", "coverage": "whole_body", "text_hash_scope": "rendered_section_body"}}, {"id": "data:geo:GSE67098", "role": "raw", "format": "geo-series", "media_type": "application/vnd.ncbi.geo-series+json", "uri": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/query/acc.cgi?acc=GSE67098", "sha256": null, "bytes": null, "access": "open", "state": "resolved", "reader": null, "reader_status": "reader_required", "identifier": "GSE67098", "version": null, "note": "The datasets generated for this study can be found at https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/, and https://gwas.mrcieu.ac.uk/.\nThe patients involved in the database have obtained ethical approval. Users can download relevant data for free to conduct research and publish related articles. Our research is based on open-source data, so there are no ethical issues or other conflicts of interest.", "structure": {"repository": "GEO", "access_route": "GEO accession URL", "access_statement_verbatim": "The datasets generated for this study can be found at https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/, and https://gwas.mrcieu.ac.uk/.\nThe patients involved in the database have obtained ethical approval. Users can download relevant data for free to conduct research and publish related articles. Our research is based on open-source data, so there are no ethical issues or other conflicts of interest.", "access_statement_kind": "data_availability_statement", "sample_accessions": ["GSM1638783", "GSM1638784", "GSM1638785", "GSM1638786", "GSM1638787", "GSM1638788", "GSM1638789", "GSM1638790", "GSM1638791", "GSM1638792", "GSM1638793", "GSM1638794", "GSM1638795", "GSM1638796", "GSM1638797", "GSM1638798"], "sample_count": 16, "group_sizes": null, "group_sizes_basis": null, "platform": "570", "taxon": "Homo sapiens", "title": "Expression data from epidermal samples", "resolution_checked_at": "2026-11-01T20:16:08Z", "resolution_check": "identifier_resolution_only_no_download_no_licence_read", "downloaded": false, "licence_read": false}}, {"id": "data:geo:GSE85358", "role": "raw", "format": "geo-series", "media_type": "application/vnd.ncbi.geo-series+json", "uri": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/query/acc.cgi?acc=GSE85358", "sha256": null, "bytes": null, "access": "open", "state": "resolved", "reader": null, "reader_status": "reader_required", "identifier": "GSE85358", "version": null, "note": "The datasets generated for this study can be found at https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/, and https://gwas.mrcieu.ac.uk/.\nThe patients involved in the database have obtained ethical approval. Users can download relevant data for free to conduct research and publish related articles. Our research is based on open-source data, so there are no ethical issues or other conflicts of interest.", "structure": {"repository": "GEO", "access_route": "GEO accession URL", "access_statement_verbatim": "The datasets generated for this study can be found at https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/, and https://gwas.mrcieu.ac.uk/.\nThe patients involved in the database have obtained ethical approval. Users can download relevant data for free to conduct research and publish related articles. Our research is based on open-source data, so there are no ethical issues or other conflicts of interest.", "access_statement_kind": "data_availability_statement", "sample_accessions": ["GSM2265724", "GSM2265725", "GSM2265726", "GSM2265727", "GSM2265728", "GSM2265729", "GSM2265730", "GSM2265731", "GSM2265732", "GSM2265733", "GSM2265734", "GSM2265735", "GSM2265736", "GSM2265737", "GSM2265738", "GSM2265739", "GSM2265740", "GSM2265741", "GSM2265742", "GSM2265743", "GSM2265744", "GSM2265745", "GSM2265746", "GSM2265747", "GSM2265748", "GSM2265749", "GSM2265750", "GSM2265751", "GSM2265752", "GSM2265753", "GSM2265754", "GSM2265755", "GSM2265756", "GSM2265757", "GSM2265758", "GSM2265759", "GSM2265760", "GSM2265761", "GSM2265762", "GSM2265763", "GSM2265764", "GSM2265765", "GSM2265766", "GSM2265767", "GSM2265768", "GSM2265769", "GSM2265770", "GSM2265771"], "sample_count": 48, "group_sizes": null, "group_sizes_basis": null, "platform": "17077", "taxon": "Homo sapiens", "title": "Metabolic alterations in aged human skin in vivo", "resolution_checked_at": "2026-11-01T20:16:08Z", "resolution_check": "identifier_resolution_only_no_download_no_licence_read", "downloaded": false, "licence_read": false}}], "gaps": ["asset:data:geo:GSE67098 not downloaded", "asset:data:geo:GSE67098 licence not read", "asset:data:geo:GSE85358 not downloaded", "asset:data:geo:GSE85358 licence not read"]}, "analysis": {"state": "partial", "methods": [{"id": "method-1", "family": "genetic_association", "specific": "mendelian_randomisation", "label": "Genetic association (GWAS / linkage / MR)", "dsl_operations": ["mr_estimate"], "missing_operations": [], "expressible": true, "parameters": {}, "data_shapes": ["genotype_phenotype_table"], "evidence": {"score": 1.0, "band": "verbatim", "quote": "The inverse variance weighted (IVW) method is a fundamental MR analysis method."}}, {"id": "method-2", "family": "network_analysis", "specific": "pathway_enrichment", "label": "Network / pathway analysis", "dsl_operations": ["pathway_enrich"], "missing_operations": [], "expressible": true, "parameters": {}, "data_shapes": ["edge_list"], "evidence": {"score": 0.8, "band": "high", "quote": "Pathway Enrichment"}}, {"id": "method-3", "family": "genetic_association", "specific": "gwas", "label": "Genetic association (GWAS / linkage / MR)", "dsl_operations": ["gwas_locus_scan"], "missing_operations": [], "expressible": true, "parameters": {}, "data_shapes": ["genotype_phenotype_table"], "evidence": {"score": 0.7, "band": "medium", "quote": "GWAS"}}], "targets": [], "gaps": ["method.reader_differs_from_extractor"]}, "capability": {"state": "complete", "requirements": [{"capability_id": "capability:computational_analysis", "label": "Computational analysis platform", "assay_families": ["meta_analysis", "machine_learning", "survival_analysis", "statistical_regression", "pca", "molecular_docking", "network_analysis", "differential_expression", "gwas"], "availability_state": "owned", "tier_unlocked": "R1", "candidate": "Automated Assays Laravel application and simulated adapters"}], "gaps": []}, "readiness": {"state": "complete", "tier": "R1", "blocking_axis": "none", "blocked_on": "nothing:replicable_now", "axes": {"method": {"tier": "R1", "expressible": true, "required_operations": ["mr_estimate"], "missing_operations": [], "basis": "The paper names the method it used and the corpus's method extractor maps it onto the DSL catalogue: mendelian_randomisation."}, "capability": {"tier": "R1", "capability_id": "capability:computational_analysis", "availability_state": "owned", "basis": "The computational analysis is owned. 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